SS 1 LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

27/8/2020
Hello Students, how
are you doing?
Below are model
unseen poetry
passage. Read it
and answer the questions on it.

I am the helpless fish
Frying in your bowl
of cooking oil.
You lean against the
kitchen wall
Smiling with the
thought of coming
feasts
But nature in time
will call
You”ll render account squatting
on your heels
Your hunger returns
with new demands
And l will not be there to
Feed the needs of
Recurrent appetite

Questions

  1. The theme of the
    poem is………
    A. fishing. B. hunger
    C. oppression
    D . hatred
  2. “I am the helpless
    fish”, in line 1
    denotes the use
    of …………
    A. metaphor B . simile C. personification
    D. oxymoron
  3. “feed the needs….”, is an example of……..
    A. internal rhyme
    B. personification
    C. repetition
    D. alliteration
  4. The tone of this
    poem is ……….
    A. celebratory
    B. happy C. joyful
    D. Melancholic
  5. The poem is
    written in the
    form of……
    A. a ballad
    B. a panegyric poem
    C. sonnet
    D. a dramatic monologue

POEM
Death, be not proud,
though some have
called thee
Mighty and dreadful,
for thou act not so;
For those whom thou think”st thou
dost overthrow
Die not, poor Death,
nor yet canst thou
kill me .
From rest and sleep,
which but the pictures be ,
Much pleasure,then
from thee much more must flow ,
And soonest our best men with thee
do go ,
Rest of their bones ,
and soul”s delivery.
Thou art slave to fate, chance,Kings ,
and desperate men ,
And dost with poison, war, and
sickness dwell,
And Poppy or charms can make
us sleep as well
And better than thy
stroke;why swell”st
thou then?
One short sleep past,we wake eternally
And death shall be
no more; Death,
thou shalt die.QUESTIONS

  1. The rhyme scheme of the first
    four lines of the poem is………
    A. aabb B. abab
    C. Abba D. baab
  2. Line 1 , illustrates
    the use of……..
    A. personification
    B. oxymoron
    C. analogy D. aside
  3. This poem is a
    …………
    A. praise poetry
    B. epic
    C. panegyric
    D. sonnet
  4. The last line of
    the poem is called
    a ………..
    A sestet B. tercet
    C. couplet D. quatrain
  5. This 14 lines
    poem is an example
    of a………
    A. Miltonic sonnet
    B. Petrarchan sonnet
    C. Spencerian
    sonnet
    D. Shakespearean
    Sonnet

Kindly write only your answers in the
form provided below.

Correction for 13/8/2020

1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.A

7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.D

13/8/2020
Hello Students,
how are you doing?
Below are Revision exercises on General Knowledge of Literature

  1. The opposite of
    flashback is……
    (a) history (b)hero
    (c) foreshadowing
    (d) reflection
  2. A character that
    bring out the
    opposite qualities
    in another is known
    as a………
    (a) foil (b) clown
    (c) hero
    (d) caricature
  3. A character that
    potrays an exaggeration of
    traits or qualities
    is a/an………..
    (a) Scarecrow
    (b) caricature
    (c)foil
    (d) Iown
  4. When an author
    narrates a story
    himself. The narrative voice is
    known as……..
    (a) authorial
    (b) omniscient
    (c) third person
    (d) Fist person
    point of view
  5. The use of a mild
    expression to
    avoid an unpleasant
    truth is known as
    ……….
    (a) Hyperbole
    (b) euphemism
    (C)lrony
    (d) simile
  6. A direct address
    to a dead /absent
    person is known as
    ………..
    (a) apostrophe
    (b) direct speech
    (c) indirect speech
    (d) oration
  7. Pick out the odd
    item……..
    (a) metaphor
    (b) personification
    (c) characterization
    (d) simile
  8. one of the following is a mark
    of good Poetry…….
    (a) an interesting
    plot
    (b) imaginative use
    of a language
    (c) realistic characterization
    (d) flashback
  9. All the world is
    stage is an example of……..
    (a) paradox
    (b)pun
    (c) metaphor
    (d) simile
  10. ……….is questions put not
    chiefly to elicit an
    answer, but to make
    an emphatic
    statement
    (a) rhetorical question
    (b) satirical question
    (c) paradoxical question
    (d) logical question
  11. A literary work
    which holds up
    society to indicate
    is a …………
    (a) satire (b) fable
    (c) joke (d) fantasy
  12. The literary term
    that explains the
    repetition of final
    consonant sound as
    examplified in the
    relationship between “disk” and
    “sex” is called
    (a) consonance
    (b) assonance
    (c) alliteration
    (d) Rhyme

Kindly write only your answers in the form provided below.

No Fields Found.

Thursday, 30TH JULY, 2020.

TOPIC :EXERCISES ON LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Hello dear students!

Below are the exercises for today’s class.

  1. What is the narrator of a poem called?
    A. Author
    B. Speaker
    C. Narrator
    2.Define “rhyme.”
    A. Comparing two things using “like” or “as.”
    B. The repetition of a letter.
    C. The repetition of an ending sound.
  2. What is “alliteration” ?
    A. The use of synonyms.
    B. Words that sound alike.
    C.The repetition of a beginning letter sound.
  3. What device is a comparison of two things using the words “like” or “as” ?
    A. Simile
    B. Metaphor
    C. Alliteration
  4. What device is a comparison of two unlike things which says one thing is another?
    A. Hyperbole
    B. Metaphor
    C. Simile
  5. What device is used here:
    ‘Good as gold
    Busy bee
    Living the life
    A. Personification
    B. Hyperbole
    C. Alliteration
  6. What device is used here:
    “Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary…”
    answer choices
    A. Refrain
    B. Rhyme
    C. Meter
  7. What structure is poetry written in?
    A. Sentences & paragraphs
    B. Lines & paragraphs
    C. Lines & stanzas
  8. A sentence, phrase, or word arranged into a single row.
    A. line
    B. stanza
    C. rhythm
  9. A group of lines in a poem separated with a blank line space.
    A. metaphor
    B. line
    C. stanza
  10. What is the narrator of a poem called?
    A. Author
    B. Speaker
    C. Narrator
  11. What figurative language is used in this sentence?
    “The boy was a statue when the train passed him by”
    A. Simile
    B.Personification
    C. Metaphor
  12. What figurative language is used in this sentence?
  13. Gilbert and Gus gulped and gasped for air as they fought over the squeaky toy.
    A. Simile
    B. Alliteration
    C. Personification
  14. What figurative language is used in this sentence?
    “The boy was as fast as a rocket as he sped by on his bicycle”
    A. Simile
    B. Metaphor
    C. Hyperbole
  15. I have a ton of chores to do when I get home.
    A. symbol
    B. simile
    C. hyberbole

20/7/2020
Correction for 16/7/2020

  1. A. 2. D. 3. A 4. D
  2. A 6. A. 7. A 8 A
  3. B 10. B. 11. D
    12 . B 13. C

16/07/2020

Hello Students, how are you doing?

Today’s Topic: Revision on General Knowledge of
Literature

  1. Which of the
    following is
    common to all
    forms of
    literature?
    (A) language
    (B) chorus
    (C) action
    (D) narrator
  2. The three major
    forms of
    literature are
    (A) tragedy,
    comedy,
    tragi-comedy
    (B) poetry, drama,
    folktales
    (C) drama, lyric,
    prose fiction
    (D) poetry, drama,
    prose.
  3. Beauty in poetry
    depends mainly
    on (A) expression
    and rhythm
    (B) length and
    theme (C) vowels
    and consonants
    (D) mood and
    verse form Read the extract
    below and answer
    questions 4–6 But the towering
    earth was tired of
    sitting in one
    position. She
    moved, suddenly,
    and the houses
    crumbled, the
    mountains
    heaved horribly,
    and the work of a
    million years was
    lost.
  4. The predominant
    figure of speech
    in the above
    extract is
    (A) oxymoron
    (B) metaphor
    (C) simile
    (D)personification.
  5. The subject
    matter of the
    above extract is
    (A) earthquake
    (B) house
    movement
    (C) sea waves
    (D) storm.
  6. The image
    depicted in the
    extract is one of
    (A) destruction
    (B) merriment
    (C) happiness
    (D) admiration
  7. A black beautiful
    brilliant bride “is
    an example of
    (A) alliteration
    (B) Assonance
    (C) onomatopoeia
    (D) pun
  8. A regular group of
    lines in poetry
    constitutes
    (A) stanza
    (B) rhythm
    (C) verse
    (D) metre.
  9. An individual who
    acts, appears or is
    referred to as
    playing a part in a
    literary work is a
    (A) villain
    (B) character
    (C) clown
    (D) narrator
  10. Lines of regular
    recurrence in a
    poem constitutes
    (A) an alliteration
    (B) a refrain
    (C) an assonance
    (D) a theme
  11. A praise poem is
    (A) a dirge (B) an
    epic (C) a Ballad
    (D) an ode
  12. A deliberate
    violation of the
    rules of
    versification
    constitutes
    (A) imperfect
    rhyme (B) poetic
    license (C) verbal
    irony (D) comic
    relief
  13. Pick the odd
    item out of the
    options listed
    below (A) sonnet
    (B) epic
    (C) allusion
    (D) ode.

Kindly write only your answers in the form provided below.

9TH JULY, 2020.

TOPIC : Exercises on Drama

Hello dear students!

I really believe you are all faring well. Today we shall be doing some exercises on drama that was treated a few weeks ago.

Answer the following questions on Drama
(1) What is drama?
…. the written words and directions for actors to follow
…. the characters that perform in a play
…. a story that is written to be performed or acted out
(2) . Person who tells the story, often spoken in third person is
… actor
… speaker
…. narrator
(3) . ____________ are the people acting in a play.
…. director
…. cast or characters
….. narrator
(4) . The speech between characters in a play
…. dialogue
…. lines
…. script
(5) The person who writes the play is called _____________
.. author
… director
… playwright
(6) . The play or drama is organized in ______
chapters
acts and scenes
episodes
(7) . The setting of a play is called the _.
… set
…. stage
… setting
(8) . Instructions that tell the actors what they are supposed to do during acting
.. scene
.. teleprompter
… stage directions
(9) . A set is made of _ that are on-stage.
… lights
… costumes
… props
(10) The ___________
is the main character in a drama.
… protagonist
… antagonist
… extra
(11) . The character against the protagonist in a drama is called _.
… villain
… bad guy
… antagonist
(12) . Which of the following best describes a “script”
…. the written words that characters speak and directions in a play/drama
…. the “chapters” of a play/drama
…. the place where a drama is performed.
(13) . Which of the following best describes “theater”?
…. the words spoken by characters
… the place where the play is performed
… objects used in a play to bring it to life.
(14) . “Acts” in a play/drama can be compared to..
… a character’s actions and performance
… the “chapters” in a book
… the place where the drama begins
(15) . Acts divided into smaller sections…
…. Scene
…. Act
… Script
(16) . a message or insight about life.
… act
… theme
…. set
(17) . a problem between two characters or forces
… conflict
… character
… set
(18) . acts are often divided into smaller sections called..
… scenes
… stories
… scripts
(19) . a form of drama in which the events lead to the downfall of the main character
… comedy
…. tragedy
… fantasy
(20). moment of greatest interest or suspense; the turning point in drama is
… climax
… dramatic irony
… flashback

Correction for 02/07/2020
1.) C 2.) A 3.) C 4.) D 5.) B 6.) B 7.) A 8.) C 9.) D 10.) C

2/7/2020
Hello Students, how are you doing?
TODAY’S TOPIC:
REVISION EXERCISE
ON UNSEEN PROSE
AND POETRY

Read the passage below and answer questions 1 to 5.
The month of July
crept in. The sky, like a hooded monk
wore black, as in
mourning, ready to shed its load. The sun was mystified
while heaps of sand and dust spiralled
high up in the sky spending high and low alike scurrying
into hiding. The town had never known such a downpour, it was forty-eight hours of
weeping by both the
heavens and the
inhabitants of
Olusi who lost most
of their life’s savings in this destructive blessing.

  1. The subject of the
    passage is
    A. Cloud B. climate
    C . rainfall D . flood
  2. The month of July crept in is an
    example of A . metaphor B . synecdoche C . imagery D . apostrophe
  3. The expression the sky, like a hooded monk wore
    black, illustrates
    A. symbolism B.
    paradox C. Personification D .
    metaphor.
  4. ……. high and low
    alike refers to the
    A . rulers of the village B. women and their children
    C .chiefs and their
    Subjects D . rich and
    the poor.
  5. ……….. destructive
    blessing shows the
    use of A . anti-thesis
    B. oxymoron C . apostrophe
    D. parallelism

Read the poem and answer questions
6 to 10
My heart leaps up when I behold
A rainbow in the sky:
So was it when my life began,
So is it now that I am a man,
So be it when I shall grow
The child is the father of the man.

  1. The mood of the poem is that of A. sorrow
    B . elation C . anxiety D . sarcasm
  2. The rhyme scheme of the poem is (A) ab cc dc (B) ac bc ca ( C)ab ca cc (D) ab ac bc
  3. The subject matter of the poem is A. childlessness
    B. the adverse effects of the rainbow on man
    C. the unchanging
    cycle of nature
    D. the adverse effects of old age.
  4. The Literary device used in line 1 is A . simile B . alliteration C .litotes
    D. personification.
  5. The Literary device used in line 6
    is an example of
    A . synecdoche
    B . Irony C. paradox
    D. hyperbole.

Kindly write only your answers in the
form provided below.

25TH JUNE, 2020.

SUBJECT :LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

TOPIC :REVISION ON FIGURES OF SPEECH.

Hello dear students!✍️✍️✍️

I want to believe you are all faring well even in this lock down. The Lord will continually preserve us all in Jesus name.

This week we shall be doing some REVISION exercises on FIGURES OF SPEECH.

Identify the following figures of speech.
1) She wept oceans of tears.
2) Fair is foul and foul is fair.
3) A murmuring whisper through the nunnery ran.
4) Lightly, O lightly we glide and we sing. We bear her along like a pearl on a string.
5) She is as lovely as a rose.
6) Life is a dream.
7). He is now in the sunset of his days.
8). Opportunity knocks at the door but once.
9). Laughter holding both her sides.
10). Frailty, thy name is a woman. .
11). Like the sly snake they come, That sting unseen: like the striped murderer
12). And having nothing he hath all.
13). This is an open secret.
14). O my love is like a red, red rose.
15). Life is a tale told by an idiot.
16). Integrity is the backbone of character.
17). The sea that bears her bosom to the moon.
18). There is dagger in thy words.
19). Sunflowers nod in the hot fields and apple buds laughs into blossom.
20). O! Judgment! Thou art fled to brutish beast.

Best of luck!

19/6/2020

Correction for 18/6/2020

1.Simile 2.Rhetorical question 3.anti-climax 4.Hyperbole 5.Euphemism

6.Paradox 7.Hyperbole 8.Metaphor 9.Synecdoche 10.Alliteration

18/6/2020
Hello students, how are you doing?

Correction for 11/6/2020
(1) B 2(C) 3(A) 4 (C) 5(A)6(B) 7(A) 8(A)
(9)A (10)C (11)B (12)D (13)A(14)C (15) D

Today’s Topic: FIGURES Of SPEECH
Figures of speech in literature and writing involves the various use of language that depart from customary construction, order or significance.It is the use of word or words diverging from its usual meaning.Examples:
(1) Personification: This is when the attributes of human are given to inanimate objects.
Examples:
(a) The tree clapped for joy.
(b) Mosquitoes sang in his ears.
(2) Hyperbole: This is a deliberate exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis.
It is also called over statement.
Examples:(a) He is rich enough to buy the whole of Africa.(b) Thank you a million times.
(3) Oxymoron: This is a statement in which two seemingly opposite words are placed side by side for examples:(a) That I won the lottery is an open secret.
(b) The man is a wise fool.

(4) Paradox:It is a statement that initially sounds contradictory, or senseless but on a closer look it will make sense.
Examples:
(a)Attack is the best form of defence.
(5) Climax: This is an arrangement of items in the order of importance.
Examples:
(a)He came,he saw and he conquered.
(b) The King seized his farm, enslave his children and took his wife.
(6) Anti-climax/Bathos: This is the arrangement of ideas from the most important to the less important.
Examples:
(a) Trust God, love your fellows, tell the
truth
(b)He lost his wife, his children and his purse.
(7) Irony: This is a statement which contradicts the meaning intended.
Examples:
(a) Lola is so ugly that she can win a beauty contest.
(b) The man is so generous he sometimes takes money from beggars.
(8) Metaphor: This is the comparison of two dissimilar things in a clever manner by way of substituting one for another.
Example: life is but a walking shadow.
(9) Simile: This is the comparison of two things or persons that do not belong to the same class with the use of”as” or “like”.
Example:
She is as gentle as a dove.
(10) Rhetorical question: This is a statement put in form of a question.No answer is expected and none is given because the answer to the question is obvious.
Example:Who will live forever?
ASSIGNMENT
What figures of speech are the following expressions?
(1) She looks as cute as a kitten
(2)Who knows whose turn is by the corner?
(3) The Professor lost his head, his job and his books after the nation wide strike.
(4)A sea of questions were asked.
(5) The man gave up the ghost.
(6)No pain , no gain.
(7) The man has the strength of a thousand elephants.
(8) He has a heart of stone.
(9)Two heads are better than one.
(10)Mr Musa married my mother’s maid.
kindly write only your answers in the form provided below and copy the note online in your literature-in-English notebook.

11/06/2020

Dear students. How are you doing? I guess you are having fun with the classes online. I’m delighted to have you on this platform.

This week we shall be revising literary terms and literary appreciations.
TOPIC: Revision Questions on General Literary Terms and Literary Appreciation.

  1. Time and place of a novel or play refer to the……………. (A) Genre (B) setting (C) epilogue (D) plot
  2. Sequence of inter-related events is………….. (A) setting (B) prologue (C) plot (D) climax
  3. When the reader or audience is in a state of heightened expectation, he is in………….. (A) Suspense (B) anticipation (C) climax (D) anti-climax
  4. The problems between the characters in a literary work create…………. (A) gridlock (B) caesura (C) conflict (D) denouement
  5. ……………is the point of highest tension (A) climax (B) denouement (C) anti-climax (D) genre
  6. ……………refer to the classification of literature (A) types (B) genres (C) aspects (D) sub-genres
  7. ……………is a play which uses exaggerated effect to create laughter (A) Farce (B) Melodrama (C) Comedy (D) Pantomime
  8. ………………is the oldest type of poetry. (A) Ballad (B) Lyric (C) Elegy (D) Dirge
  9. A story which teaches moral lesson is……………. (A) didactic (B) aesthetic (C) laconic (D) sermonizing
  10. A play is better enjoyed when ………… (A) read (B) displayed (C) acted (D) rehearsed
  11. The ………….reminds the cast of lines forgotten (A) curator (B) prompter (C) stage director (D) producer
  12. The main idea of a literary work is the …………… (A) plot (B) subject-matter (C) story line (D) theme
  13. Stories told to explain some natural events or describe the early history of people are called…………… (A) myths (B) legends (C) folktales (D) anecdotes
  14. A/an ……………is a poem written in praise of someone. (A) lyric (B) elegy (C) ode (D) epic
  15. To reduce tension in a play with a tense atmosphere, the playwright introduces a/an…………… (A) denouement (B) tragedy (C) couplet (D) euphemism.

Kindly write only your answer in the form provided below

4TH JUNE, 2020.

SUBJECT :LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

TOPIC : POETRY.

Hello dear students!
It’s nice reaching out to you once again through this channel. I presume you are all faring well.
Last week, our lesson was on drama as one of the genres of literature. This week our focus will be on POETRY.
Now come along with me…
****POETRY
Poetry is one of the genres of literature, it is as old as history and present wherever religion is present. There are religious scriptures which are written as poetry. Ẹ. g. The Books of Psalms, Proverbs, etc.
What then is Poetry?
Poetry can be defined as a genre of literature that expresses ideas, feelings or tells a story in a specific way using lines, metre, rhyme scheme, stanzas, metaphors and imagery.
Poetry can also be seen as another way of using language. It could also mean a literary attempt to share personal experiences and feelings as it shows images which leaves the reader a sense of delight, awe and wonder.
Take a look at the following poem :


I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree
Poems are made by fools like me
But only God can make a tree.
—- Joyce Kilmer (Trees).


Poetry is unique and distinctive in comparison with the two other kinds of literature because it employs the use of rhyme. Poetry is also read aloud in a very different tone of voice from the way one reads prose/a novel.
From the above explanations, you can see that poetry is quite different from the others and that one distinctive feature of poetry is rhyme which the other two does not have. i. e drama and prose.
Now, let’s take a look at its characteristics.
Characteristics of Poetry.
Characteristics of poetry are what separate it as a medium of writing from the other two genres. These characteristics set it apart from the others.
** It is written in stanzas /verse
Stanzas are particular to poetry as a means of separating ideas or sections within a poem. A stanza let’s the reader know that a specific set of images and lines are connected and that they should be read together to make meaningful sense.
*** It uses rhyme .
This characteristic of poetry is not found in drama or prose. Rhyme is one of the most distinctive part of poetry. When something rhymes, it typically has two words that have similar end sounds. **Read the above poem again.

You will notice that each of the ending words sound alike…. see/tree, me/tree.
*** Uses condensed and rhythmical language as every word is important.
** Predominantly uses imageries.
These are imageries which appeal to the senses – — of sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell.
** It is evocative.
It evokes in the reader an intense emotion of either joy, despair, anger, love, despondency, etc.
** It uses figurative language.
Examples of this include, metaphors – – – (which is regarded as the basic language of poetry), personification, simile,hyperbole, etc.
** It also uses the language of sound like :alliteration, assonance , onomatopoeia, etc.


I am sure you now realise that all the characteristics mentioned above are identifiable in poems that you have come across. Please look out for them anytime you get to read a poem.
The next thing we are going to talk about is the types of poetry. But we are going to do it in a new way today.
Types of Poetry
There are many types of poetry and they can be classified under the following headings:
** Narrative Poetry
A narrative poem is the kind of poem which tells a story. An example of a poem under this kind of poetry is an epic poem.
An epic poem is a story /tale in verse form about a hero – – – a special man endowed with physical strength, leadership qualities and who performed super human (heroic) deeds. The poem is presented in an elaborate /elevated, stylish and formal language.
**** Dramatic Poetry.
This type of poems aim at involving the reader in an experience /situation and create tension, expectations and conflict. In this type of poetry, the speaker act out roles and therefore must not be identified with the poet. In a dramatic poetry, when one speaker is involved and the poem is his/her speech, then we have the dramatic monologue. (Maya Angelou’s “Caged Bird”).
Another one is…
** Lyrical Poetry
As the name suggests, lyrical poetry was originally associated with music and it simply means a poem /song that is accompanied by a musical instrument. It is a non narrative poem that features a single speaker whose main aim is to share his state of mind, feelings, mood or attitude with his readers. E. g. elegy, the books of Psalms and Proverbs,etc.
Other examples of poem are sonnet, dirge, ode, limerick, ballad, pastoral poem, etc.

*****QUESTIONS

1) In your own words, explain what you understand by the word poetry.

2) Mention three characteristics of poetry.

3) Explain briefly the following types of poems :ode, ballad, dirge, lullaby.

28th May, 2020.

SUBJECT :LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

TOPIC : GENRES OF LITERATURE

SUB – TOPIC : DRAMA

Hello dear students!

I believe you are all doing great in spite of the lock down. Don’t worry about it, because in no time…. This too shall pass in Jesus name.

Today we would be refreshing our memories on the topic…. Genres of literature, with particular focus on drama.

What is a genre?

The word ‘genre’ is a French word which means type or kind.

Drama as you already know is one of the three major genres of literature.

You must have read a play or watch a drama on TV or at a cinema. But the question is..

What is drama?

Drama is as old as language and in every culture from the earliest times, there has been traces of elements of drama in festivals, rituals and so on.

As humans, you and I are different characters (actors and actresses) playing out our roles through our scripts. Hence, William Shakespeare’s famous quote

Life’s a stage…
Therefore, we can describe drama as a story written to be acted on stage. Drama deals with action involving characters in their costumes. Of all the 3 genres, drama is the most active as it goes beyond the pages of a book. Drama can only be enjoyed when it is acted on stage.
Someone who writes a play is called a playwright.

Types of Drama
(1) Comedy
Comedy is a literary work generally amusing which usually ends happily because the hero/heroine is able to overcome obstacles and gets what he or she wants. .
Features of Comedy
* The comic character usually finds a satisfactory resolution to their conflicts.
* So many characters are involved in comedy unlike tragedy which has a single character.
* Comedy seeks to poke fun at societal ills. Jenifa’s Diary, a television drama series, though it makes the audience laugh, is a satire that tries to correct societal ills in a funny way. Another example is Wole Soyinka’s. The Lion and the Jewel.

(2) Tragedy
Tragedy is a literary work that deals with a very serious and important theme.
In tragedy, a dignified /noble tragic hero encounters destruction through some personal flaws /weakness . i. ẹ. The tragic hero will be from a royal or aristocratic family and faces a catastrophic end as destined by the gods. E. g. “Macbeth”in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, and” Odewale” in Ola Rotimi’s The God’s are not to Blame.
Features of a Tragedy
** The tragic hero usually has a weakness like anger, lust for power, jealousy, pride (hubris) which makes him fall.
**In most tragedies, the tragic hero is plunged into defeat at the peak of power or success.
**The flaw combines with ill luck to bring about the downfall of the tragic hero… Personal weakness leads to his/her downfall..
** The tragic hero(protagonist) is usually opposed by the antagonist, who also may contribute to the downfall. E.g.Iago in Shakespeare’s Othello.
3) Farce
A farce is a play that is full of absurd , ridiculous, silly or unlikely situations with an unserious theme because the main aim is to provoke excessive laugh. Ẹ. g. Shakespeare’s The Comedy of Errors .
(4)Tragi comedy
It is a play which combines a combination of the elements of tragedy and comedy. It provides a happy ending to a potentially tragic story through an unexpected turn of events,thus bringing about a happy resolution. E. g. Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice.
(5) Melodrama
It is a play that creates too much exciting events and in which the characters /emotions seem too exaggerated to be true because it lacks believability.
(6)Mime
This kind of drama involves only the use of body movements, gesticulaton, mimickery and dancing without speech. Facial expressions are often used as a means of communication.
Assignment
(1)What is drama?
(2)Of the three genres of literature , which is the most active ?
(3)What are the differences between the features of tragedy and comedy?
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