JSS 1 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

08/09/2020
Revisional Questions

Answer the following revisional questions and submit using the form provided after the questions:

1. The process of gathering farm produce in containers to make them attractive to consumers is known as ….
   (a) loading (b) offloading (c) packaging (d) arrangement
2. ….can be used for recreation purpose.
   (a) cat (b) shrimp (c) horse (d) fowl
3. A crop which produces whitish, viscous, sticky liquid describes ….
   (a) groundnut (b) raffia (c) coffee (d) rubber
4. Farm animals are useful to man in the following ways except the provision of …
   (a) herbs (b) farm power (c) clothing (d) manure
5. The most important function of root to plant is … (a) food manufacture (b)anchorage in the soil (c) food storage (d) water retention
6. The main function of leaves in plant is…
   (a) distribution of nutrients (b) storage of food (c) propagation (d) to manufacture food
7. The following crops are good sources of protein except…
   (a) groundnut (b) millet (c) melon (d) soyabean
8. Apiculture deals with the keeping of …
   (a) duck (b) bees (c) apes (d) turkeys
9. A suitable tool for catching fish in an ocean is …
   (a) basket (b) gourd (c) trawl and trawler (d) screen
10. Fish and fish products are sources of the following to man, except…
    (a) mineral (b) oil (c) water (d) protein.

This form is currently undergoing maintenance. Please try again later.

01/09/2020

CORRECTION TO THE PREVIOUS REVISIONAL QUESTIONS

1. C

2. B

3. A

4. D

5. C

6. D

7. C

8. C

9. A

10. D

18/08/2020
REVISIONAL QUESTIONS
1.The following are farm tools except…..
(a) cutlass (b) axe (c) ridger(d) garden fork

2. A farm tool with a short wooden handle and a long flat metal blade best describes ….
   (a) shovel (b) cutlass (c) spade (d) hoe
3. A market situation where there are only two buyers and many sellers is called ….
   (a) duopsony (b) oligopoly (c) monopsony (d) monopoly
4. Which of the following is an odd one out?
   (a) basket (b) headpan (c) sack (d) hoe
5. An okro plant found in a wheat farm is regarded as ….
   (a) crop (b) flower (c) weed (d) seedling
6. Who should be consulted in preventing and controlling animal diseases? A/An ….
   (a) Agronomist (b) Florist (c) Nutritionist (d) Veterinarian
7. An example of oil crop is ….
   (a) maize (b) yam (c) melon (d) rubber
8. Which of the following crops produce latex?
   (a) cocoa (b) kolanut (c) rubber (d) sugarcane
9. Which of the following classes of crops is not based on uses?
   (a) annual (b) beverage (c) fibre (d) spice
10. A subsistence farmer grows enough food for …
    (a) sales (b) export (c) his animals (d) his family

11/08/2020

CORRECTION TO THE QUESTIONS ON LESSON 12

1. a
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. d
8. a
9. b
10. a

04/08/2020
Revisional Class
Answer the following questions:

1. The chemical substance found in food is known as —–

(a)nutrients (b) hydrogen (c) hormones (d) mineral salt

2. A plant with many branches is said to be —-

(a) monocot (b) dicot (c) weedy (d) leafy

3. Crops grown primarily to feed farm animals are called—–

(a) forages (b) latex crops (c) fibre crops (d) oil crops

4. The study and management of trees and its products is called —–

(a) agronomy (b) forestry (c) pathology (d) apiculture

5. A plant part which holds the plant firmly to the ground is the —-

(a) stem (b) root (c) branch (d) flower

6. The following are not branches of agriculture except ——

(a)mining (b) carpentry (c) driving (d) fishery

7. Agriculture mainly provides —–

(a) export product (b) plastics (c) metals (d) food for man

8. The branch of agriculture that deals with the study of crops and management of soil is known as—–

(a) agronomy (b) horticulture (c) sericulture (d) silviculture

9. Millet belongs to the group of crops called —–

(a) fibre (b) cereal (c) rubber (d) legumes

10. Which of the following farm tools is best used for trimming flowers?
    (a) sickle (b) rake (c) shears (d) garden fork.

CORRECTIONS ON PREVIOUS CLASS ACTIVITY

1. D
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. D

29/07/2020
Dear students, having completed the topics listed for teaching, shall we take some revisional questions.
Therefore, answer the following questions and submit using the form provided:

1. The following are monogastric animals, except ——-

(a) domestic fowl (b) duck (c) pig (d) goat

2. The following can be used to classify farm animals, except —-

(a) habitat (b) size (c) life cycle (d)stomach structure

3. The act of returning swallowed food substance to the mouth for further chewing by ruminants animals is termed —-

(a) secretion (b) swallowing (c) mastication (d) regurgitation

4. Animals that feed on plant only are called—-

(a)herbivores (b) carnivores (c) omnivores (d) autovores

5. Dog is an example of —— animal.

(a) guard (b) poultry (c) work (d) ruminant

6. Farm animals that live and reproduce on land are called —– animals.

(a) terrestrial (b) celestial (c) aquatic (d) ruminant

7. ‘Sokoto Red’ and ‘Kano Brown’ are examples of which breed of farm animals?

(a) sheep (b) goat (c) cattle (d) pig

8. Which of the following is not a breed of cattle?

(a) White Fulani (b) Sokoto Gudali (c) Red Bororo (d) Yankassa

9. Which of the following farm animals can be used to transport farm produce?

(a) donkey (b) rabbit (c) goat (d) sheep

10. How many compartments are there in a ruminant animal’s stomach?

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d)4

15/07/2020

Dear students, please see the following for corrections to the assignment questions on lessons seven and eight:

CORRECTION TO QUESTIONS ON LESSON SEVEN

1.Farm animals are domesticated animals that are reared by man to derive various benefits.

2.Three benefits derived from farm animals:

a.Provision of food
b. Provision of farm power
c. Used for sporting activities

3. Four forms of farm animals

a. Aquatic animals

b. Dairy animals

c. Work animals

d. Terrestrial animals.

CORRECTION TO QUESTIONS ON LESSON EIGHT

1.Three criteria for classifying farm animals:

a. Stomach structure

b. Body size

c. Habitat

2.Two classes in each criterion:

a. Stomach structure:

1. Ruminant(polygastric) animals
2. Non-ruminant(monogastric) animals

b. Body size:

1. Large animals
2. Small animals

c. Habitat:

1. Terrestrial animals
2. Aquatic animals

07/07/2020
LESSON EIGHT
CLASSIFICATION OF FARM ANIMALS

Definition
Farm animals refer to a group of animals that are reared in the farm either for food or for commercial purposes.

Classification of farm animals
Farm animals can be classified based on:
a. Habitat
b. Stomach structure
c. Size
d. Mode of feeding

Classification of farm animals based on habitat:
Farm animals are classified into two based on their habitat :

1. Terrestrial animals : These are animals that live on land. In other words, they live on the surface of the land. Examples of terrestrial animals are cattle, sheep, goat, rabbit, grasscutter, poultry birds such as domestic fowl, geese, turkey, etc.
2. Aquatic animals: These are animals that live in water. They live inside various water bodies such as river, stream, lake, etc. All their activities are related to water. Examples of aquatic animals are fishes, shrimps, oyster, etc.
   Classification of farm animals based on the stomach structure
   Farm animals are classified into two based on stomach structure: These are :
   a. Monogastric or non-ruminant animals : These are farm animals which posses only one stomach and they do not chew the cud. Examples are pig, rabbit and poultry birds such as domestic fowl, duck, turkey, etc.
   b. Polygastric or ruminant animals : These are animals that posses four stomach compartments(complex stomach) and hence, they chew the cud. The four stomach compartments are rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum(true stomach). Examples of ruminant animals are goat, cattle, sheep, etc.
3. Classification of farm animals based on size
   Farm animals are classified into two based on the size of the body:
   a. Small animals: These are farm animals with small body size. Examples of small animals are rabbit, domestic fowl, etc.
   b. Large animals: These are farm animals with large body size. Examples are cattle, donkey, etc.
   Classification of farm animals based on mode of feeding
   Based on mode of feeding, farm animals are classified into three:
   a. Herbivores(Herbivorous animals) : These are farm animals which feed on plants only. Examples are goat, cattle, sheep, etc.
   b. Carnivores(carnivorous animals) : These are animals that depend on flesh only. Examples are dog, cat, etc.
   c. Omnivores (Omnivorous animals): These are animals which feed on both plants and flesh. Examples are pig, poultry birds like domestic fowl, etc.

ASSIGNMENT
answer the following questions and submit using the form provided :

1. State three criteria for classifying farm animals.
2. Give two classes in each of the criteria stated in (1) above.

30/06/2020
Topic: Forms of Farm Animals
Farm animals are domesticated animals that are reared by man to derive some benefits.
Benefits derived from farm animals include:
a. Protection
b. Provision of food
c. Provision of farm power
d. Used for sporting activities
e. Used as pets
Examples of farm animals include cattle, sheep, goat, poultry birds such as turkey, duck, domestic fowl, etc.
Forms of Farm Animals
The forms of farm animals include :

1. Work animals
2. Guard animals
3. Pets
4. Animals for sports
5. Aquatic animals
6. Poultry birds
7. Dairy animals

Work animals : These are animals that are used to carry load or till the soil. Examples are bullock or bull, donkey, etc
Guard animals : These are animals used for protection or for guarding our homes. Examples are dog, geese. Cats can also be used to guard against rodents like rats.
Pets: They are animals kept at home by people to keep their company. Examples are dog, rabbit, etc.
Animals for sports :These are animals used for sporting activities. Examples are horse, bull, ram, etc.
Aquatic animals :These are animals that are live in water. Examples include fishes like mackerel, shark, catfish, etc
Poultry birds : These are birds reared for their meat, egg, etc. Examples are domestic fowl, turkey, geese, etc
Dairy animals :These are animals reared mainly for milk production. Examples include cow, ewe, nanny, etc.

ASSIGNMENT
Answer the following questions and submit through the form provided :

1. What are farm animals?
2. Mention three benefits derived from farm animals
3. List four forms of farm animals.

23/06/2020
LESSON SIX
TOPIC: FACTORS AFFECTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Factors of agricultural production are inputs to production process to bring about finished goods as an output. The factors of production include :
Land
Labour
Capital
Water
Management /Entrepreneur

Land: this is a free gift of nature. It is referred to as the soil.

Characteristics of land

1. Ĺand is a free gift of nature.

2 . It is immobile

3. It is limited in size.

Uses of Land

1. It is the original source of wealth i.e it consists of minerals like gold, plant nutrients, etc.

2. It can be used to secure loans in bank.

3.It can be used as grazing land for farm animals.

4.It can be used for the production of cash crops.

Labour : this is human efforts which may be skilled, unskilled, physical or mental used in the production of goods and services.

Uses of Labour

1.It makes other factors of production work effectively.

2.It makes work easier on the farm.
3.It controls other factors of production.

Water: it is the most essential element of life. It can be found in water bodies such as rivers, well, etc.

Uses of water

1. It can be used to generate electricity.

2.It is used for irrigation.

3.It is used in rearing farm animals, keeping houses and the environment clean.

4.It can be used as a means of transportation.

Money/Capital: it can said to be any generally accepted material for payment of goods and services in a country.

Uses of money

1.It is used for the payment of goods and services required for agricultural production.

2.It is used to purchase farm inputs such as fertilizer, insecticides, etc.

3.It is used in paying wages of labour etc.

4.It is used for the construction of farm structures and building.

Management : this controls all other factors of production. Management controls, combines and organizes all other factors of production in such a way as to make maximum profit.

Uses of management

1.It helps in decision making.

2.It effectively manages all the assets in the farm.

3.It reduces the rate of wastage of both financial and human resources.

ASSIGNMENT
Carefully read through your notes, answer the following questions and submit using the form provided :

1. Mention three (3) factors of agricultural production.
2. State two (2) uses for each of the factors mentioned in (1) above.

Correction to the questions on lesson five

1.Agricultural marketing involves all the activities relating to the movement of goods and services from the producer(farmer) to the final consumer.

2. Three marketing activities:

a. Assembling

b. transportation

c. Distribution.

3. Two situations that can exist in a market:

a. Perfect competition

b. Imperfect competition

16/06/2020
LESSON FIVE
TOPIC : Marketing of Agricultural Produce
Marketing involves different stages of activities which enable the distribution of produce.
Agricultural marketing involves all the activities relating to the movement of goods and services from the producer(farmer) to the final consumer.
Marketing Activities
Agricultural marketing activities include :

1. Assembling
2. Grading and standardization
3. Processing
4. Packaging
5. Storage or warehousing
6. Transportation
7. Advertisement
8. Distribuution
9. Fixing of prices
   Types of market for agricultural produce
   There are two major types of market which are :
   a. World or international market : it involves the sales of goods and services between two or more countries.
   b. Domestic or local market: this is the type of market within the country.
   The general markets include: local market, supermarket, processor, public and private institution, trade fair, etc.
   Situations in a market
   There are two situations that can exist in a market :
   a. Perfect competition or market : this is when there are many buyers and many sellers such that no individual can influence the market price of products.
   b. Imperfect competition or market : this is when the decision of one one of the sellers or buyers influence the market price of the product involved. The different types of imperfect market include:
   a. Monopoly
   b. Duopoly
   c. Oligopoly
   d. Monopsony
   e. Duopsony
   f. Oligopsony.

ASSIGNMENT
Answer the following questions and submit using the form provided :
1.Define agricultural marketing.

2.List five marketing activities

3.Mention two major situations that can exist in a market.

Correction to the questions on lesson four :

1. Crop pests be defined as the living organisms that are capable of causing damage to crop plant either on the farm or in the store.
2. Two examples each of:
   A. Boring insect pests
   a. Stem borers
   b. Rice weevil
   B. Biting and chewing insect pests
   a. Grasshopper
   b. Termite

09-06-2020

NOTE: The corre

ction to the assignment question on lesson three is below this lesson four. Also, be informed that you are to copy the notes being given through the online teaching in your notebooks. Thanks

LESSON FOUR

TOPIC : CROP PESTS

Definition

Crop pests are living organisms that are capable of causing damages to crpos either on the field or in the store.

Classification of Crop Pests

Basically, crop pests can be classified into two:

1.Insect pests

2. Non-insect pests

Non-insect pests include birds, mammals, rodents and snails.

Insect pests can further be classified based on two criteria which are:

1. Based on location

2. Based on mode of feeding

Classification based on location

Under this, we have :

a. Field pests : these While filling the form, kindly fill in the account name from the bank you are making the transfer crops on the field(farm) e. g. grasshopper, whitefly, mealy bug, etc.

b. Storage pests: these attack crops in the store after harvesting e. g. bean weevil, moth, rice weevil, etc.

Classification based on mode of feeding

Here, we have :

a. Biting and chewing insect pests e. g. grasshopper, termite, etc

b. Piercing and sucking insect pests e. g.aphid, cotton stainer, etc.

c. Boring insect pests e.g. beetle, maize weevil, etc.

Methods of Controlling Crop Pests

The methods include :

a. Physical /mechanical method

b. Biological method

c. Cultural method

d. Chemical method

Assignment

Read through your notes, answer the given questions and submit using the form provided:

1.Define crop pests

2.Mention two examples each of :

a. Boring insect pests

b. Biting and chewing insect pests

CORRECTION TO ASSIGNMENT ON LESSON THREE:

1.Definition of economic empowerment through agriculture

Economic empowerment through agriculture can be said to be a way through which an individual gets a means of living by engaging in one aspect of agriculture or the other.

2. Four ways by which on can economically empowered through agriculture:

a. through crop production

b. through the sales of agricultural produce

c. through helping on the farm in various farm operations

d. through skill acquisition

02-06-2020

LESSON THREE

Hello, dear students. Having done revisional lessons on some of our previous topics, I will like to take you through an introductory part of some topics planned for the third term which include the following :

-Economic empowerment through agriculture.

-Crop pests

-Marketing of agricultural produce

-Factors affecting agricultural production.

NOTE: The correction to the assignment question on lesson two is below this lesson three. Thanks

Let’s begin.

Topic: Economic Empowerment through Agriculture

Definition

Economic empowerment through agriculture involves the means by which an individual is given the opportunity or power to make money by engaging in one agricultural activity or the other.

Some of the ways by which one can be economically empowered through agriculture include :

1.Animal production : This involves rearing of livestock for meat, milk, etc. The animals can be sold by farmer to earn a living.

2. Crop production: This involves the cultivation of land to plant crops for food and other purposes. Crops planted are harvested and sold to obtain money for a living.

3. Skill acquisition : Individual can acquire special skills after completing a course of study in agriculture e.g. agronomy, fishery, etc. Such an individual can be employed in an agricultural organisation or be self employed.

4. Sales of farm produce: This involves individuals selling farm produce such as rice, maize, etc to earn a living.

5. Employment on the farm: This involves helping farmers to perform certain farm operations like weeding, planting, in order to be paid by the farmers.

Other ways include :

a. Sales of agricultural tools.

b. Supporting the economics of the government

Assignment

Carefully go through your note, answer the following questions and submit using the form provided:

1. What is economic empowerment through agriculture?

2. State four ways by which one can be economically empowered through agriculture.

No Fields Found.

Correction to Lesson Two Assignment Questions

1. Three harmful effects of weeds:

a. Weeds compete with crops for space, sunlight, soil nutrient, water, etc.

b. They reduce the quality and quantity of crops.

c. They cause loss of income for farmers.

2. Three (3) criteria for classifying weeds.

a. Basesd on habitat

b. Based on cotyledon

c. Based on life cycle.

3. Four(4) weed control methods:

a. Physical/mechanical control method.

b. Chemical control method.

c. Biological control method.

LESSON TWO

Topic: Weeds

A weed can be defined as an unwanted plant growing on a piece of farmland. It should be noted that it is not only plants whose usefulness are not known that are weeds. For example, a millet plant growing on a cassava farm could be regarded as a weed on that farm.

See some examples of common weeds

Characteristics of Weeds

1. Weeds produce large quantity of seeds.
2. They have high regenerating ability.
3. They have rapid growth ability.
4. They are mostly pollinated by wind.

Harmful Effects of Weeds

1. Weeds compete with crops for space, sunlight, soil nutrient, water, etc.
2. They harbour crop pests.
3. They reduce the quality and quantity of crops.
4. They cause loss of income for farmers.
5. Some are toxic for farm animals.

Uses of Weeds

Weeds have some usefulness whic include:

1. Some weeds serve as food for livestock e.g. elephant grass, tridax, etc.
2. Somev have medicinal value e.g. scent leaf.
3. Some can be ploughed into the soil to improve soil fertility e.g. centrosema.
4. They are used to check|control soil erosion.

Dispersal of Weeds

Agents of weed dispersal inlude the following:

1. Wind e.g. tridax.
2. Explosive mechanism e.g. water leaf
3. Water
4. Farm tools, implents and machines.
5. Man and animals.

Assignment

1. State three (3) harmful effects of weed
2. State three (3) criteria for classifying weeds.
3. Mention four(4) weed control methods.

Answer the questions above and submit using the form below:

No Fields Found.

Correction to Lesson One Questions

1. Difference between:

a. Spade and shovel

A shovel has a heart-shaped or an oblong metal blade while a spade has a flat and broad metal blade.

b. Garden fork and hand fork

A garden fork has a long wooden or metal handle while an hand fork has a short wooden or metal handle.

Also, a garden fork has four to five metal prongs while an hand fork has three to four metal prongs.

c. Sickle and go-to-hell(harvesting hook)

A go-to-hell has a long wooden handle while a sickle has a short wooden handle.

2. Five Fishing Tools

a. Fishing nets

b. Fishing traps

Lesson One

c. Fishing hook and line

d. Fishing gourd

e. Fishing basket.

Meanwhile, let’s have a moment of revision.U

Hello dear students! How are you doing? Hope you are staying safe. The Lord be with us all in Jesus name.

Topic :Simple Farm Tools

Remember, simple farm tools can be defined as handy devices that are used on the farm to make farm work easier and faster.

Examples of common farm tools include the following:

Hoe, cutlass, axe, rake, wheelbarrow, watering can, hand trowel, garden fork, hand fork, sickle, go-to-hell, secateurs, shears, spade, shovel, etc. They can discussed based on description, uses and general maintenance. For instance;

HAND FORK
When it is viewed, the hand fork, looks like the kitchen fork we eat with, just that it is a little bit bigger, it has a short wooden or metal handle with four prongs. It is used in mixing manure into the soil, for breaking the surface of the soil, so that air and water, can pass easily and it is also used for the removal of weeds on the seed bed.

HAND TROWEL
It has curved shaped metal blade that is attached to a short wooden or metal handle. It helps in the transplanting of seedlings, for the application of fertilizer and also for the application of manure to the soil, it helps in loosening vegetable beds, it can also be used for light weeding, sampling or mixing up of soil and digging holes for the planting of seeds.

THE SICKLE
The sickle has a curved metal blade that is fitted into a short wooden handle. The inner part of the curved metal blade is very sharp while the other part, has a blunt edge. It can be used to harvest cereals like rice, wheat barley because they possess thin stems. It can also be used in the harvest of grasses.

See the following pictures as examples:

2. Mention five fishing tools.

Answer the above questions and submit using form below:

No Fields Found. No Fields Found.